What are the Indication and Signal of diabetes mellitus?

What are the Indication and Signal of Diabetes mellitus?

Type 1 diabetes

Type 1 diabetes mellitus can develop unexpectedly and cause symptoms such as

1. Abnormal thirst and dry mouth
2. More frequent urination
3. Night urinary incontinence
4. Lack of energy and extreme fatigue
5. Constant hunger
6. Sudden weight loss
7. Blurred vision

Type 1 diabetes is diagnosed with these symptoms in combination with a high blood glucose test result.

Type 2 diabetes
Symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus are as follows:

1. Increased urination
2. Excessive thirst
3. Extremely strong hunger
4. Blurred vision
5. Lack of energy and extreme fatigue
6. Numbness and tingling in hands and feet
7. Slow wound healing and recurrent infections

Many people with type 2 diabetes are not aware of their condition for a long time because the symptoms of the disease are usually not as obvious as type 1 diabetes and it can take years before the diagnosis is made.

How is diabetes diagnosed?
There are several ways to diagnose diabetes. The following blood tests are usually used to diagnose diabetes3:

1. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) tests. It measures the average blood sugar level over the last 2-3 months. 
2. You do not need to starve or drink anything special to do this test.
3. Glucose level analysis in fasting plasma. Checks your fasting glucose levels. T
4. o do this, you should not eat or drink anything but water for 8 hours, usually at night, before the test. The analysis is usually scheduled in the morning, before breakfast.

Oral glucose tolerance test (PTTG). Tests your body's response to sugar load. For this analysis, you need to drink a special sweet drink. Your blood sugar level is measured before and after you drink the drink.

Glucose measurement in plasma at any time (GPR). It checks your blood sugar at a certain point in time, at any time of the day, without preparing for the test. This test is usually done when you have obvious symptoms of diabetes, such as sudden weight loss, extreme fatigue and/or other signs of diabetes.